Madhaimani Haasi Nokusingaperi

Matombo anokosha anopenya kubva kumakesi akapfava evelvet mune zvishongo zvakanyarara

zvitoro zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kukanganwa kuti zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi zverudo uye

budiriro yakatanga kunyika dziri kure, mukati meivhu rerwisano.

Hazvisi pamutemo muUnited States kurasa ivhu rakatsetseka

ore zvinhu zvinozivikanwa se "tailings" mumigwagwa yemvura. Asi gem

mabasa emigodhi kunze kweU.S. miganhu haisi pasi pezvakafanana

mitemo, kunyangwe ikafambiswa nemakambani ekuAmerica kana zvinhu zvavo zvakatengwa na

U.S. vatengi. Kudiwa kukuru kunoda migodhi mikuru, iyo

zvinosanganisira kuwanda kwesedimentation uye miswe inowira mukati

nzira dzemvura pasi rose. Iyo mercury necyanide yakashandiswa kupatsanura

goridhe nemhangura zvinobva padombo zvinowanawo nzira mumvura yepasi. Zviro

vanowirwa nemabasa ezvicherwa aya kazhinji mhuka dzesango uye

vanhu veko vanogara munzvimbo dzine zviwanikwa.

Semuenzaniso, New Orleans-based Freeport-McMoRan yakamhan'arirwa muna 1996 na

vatungamiri vekuPapua New Guinea nekurasa matani 80,000 emugodhi wangu

misiano kupinda munharaunda rwizi hurongwa zuva nezuva. Freeport's

Vatariri vezvakatipoteredza, Dames naMoore, vakati zvirongwa zvekuwedzera

Zviitwa zvemugodhi zveFreeport muIndonesia zvinogona "kuwedzera

kuraswa kwemiswe isina kurapwa kusvika matani 285,000 zuva nezuva."

Kutengeswa kwemadhaimani muAngola, Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone uye

Democratic Republic of the Congo yave imwe yenzvimbo huru

yekunetsana kwemukati neyezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo idzodzo. Maererano ne

Africa Policy Information Center, vapanduki vekuAngola vakaita mari inosvika madhora matatu.7

bhiriyoni mukutengeswa kwemadhaimani pakati pa1992 na1998 kuti vawane mari yehondo yavo

kurwisa hurumende yeAngola. Kusvikira hondo yapera, kusimbisa

nzira dzekuchera zvakatipoteredza dzicharamba dzichiiswa

pamoto wekumashure. Zvichakadaro, nzizi dzakatsauswa dziri kuita kuti vanhu vadaro

dislocate, Dredging madziva ari kuparadza nzvimbo huru dzenyika, uye

tafura yemvura yakasvibiswa yakonzera kurwara munharaunda dzemigodhi, munharaunda

misha nemhuka dzesango.

Kuchera matombo anokosha, zvisinei, hakusi kuparadza kwomuzvarirwo. Vanhu

vanga vachiwana matombo anokosha nemaminerari kwemazana emakore nekupinda mukati

nzizi nemari shoma yezvakatipoteredza. Kune kunyange "theme

mapaki" akapararira muAmerica anokurega iwe "wangu wako

matombo anokosha."

Kudanana kwedu nedombo kunoshandisa zviuru zvevanhu mukati

nyika dzekutengesa matombo dzakaita seNamibia neSouth Africa, dzichisimbisa yavo

hupfumi. Zvizhinji zvemigodhi muU.S. nedzimwe nyika dzakaita

mitemo yakawanda inoda kuongororwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye ivhu

zvirongwa zvekudzorera. Migodhi inotarisirwa kutarisisa kuti mabasa avo sei

zvichakanganisa hove dzekuzvarwa nemhuka dzesango, pamwe nekuteerera mitemo

maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwemhepo nemvura, kuraswa kwemarara uye mabatirwo e

zvinhu zvine ngozi. MuUS, mitemo yekudzorera nyika inoda

kumera, kucheneswa kwenzvimbo uye kuchengetedzwa kwemvura yepamusoro uye yepasi.

Asi kutengeserana kwezvishongo inzira yepasi rose, yekurukana yevanobva kunze

uye vanotengesa kunze, vanochera migodhi nevacheki, vatengi nevatengesi. With kwete

nyika-ye-yekutanga labeling system, vatengi havangambove nechokwadi kana yavo

zvishongo zvakabva kune ane basa kana kuti ane mari yemugodhi a

hondo yevagari vemunyika, yakadonhedza cyanide mumvura yepasi kana kushandiswa kwezvizvarwa

vanhu nekuda kwezviwanikwa zvavo.

Zvishongo Zvisina Mhosva

Tsika yedhaimondi negoridhe, kunyanya yemuchato uye

zvindori zvekubatana, zvakasimbiswa zvakasimba mutsika dzedu, asi tinogona kushongedza

isu pachedu tichishandisa dzimwe nzira dzinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Kana iyo

pfungwa ye "eco-jewelry" inounza zviratidzo zveushamwari

mabhurekete akagadzirwa kubva kuorganic donje kana maeka ehemp necklace, never

kutya - mamwe maartist nevagadziri vari kushandisa zvinhu zvakadzokororwa kugadzira

hunyanzvi hunopfekeka hunoratidzika sechinhu chero chipi zvacho kunze kwehutsvina.

Australia-yakavakirwa Simon Harrison Dhizaini inogadzira yakafara sarudzo ye

zvishongo zvakagadzirwa kubva kugirazi rakadzokororwa, makonati mabhedhi uye girazi rakagadzirwa nemaoko

beads. Mavara, zvisingashamisi, ndeaya anonyanya kushandiswa

mabhodhoro: amber, muorivhi, girini, jade, yakajeka uye yebhuruu. Iyo kambani inopa

zvikamu zviviri kubva muzana zvekutengesa kwayo kuhomwe inopa mupunga nezvimwe

zvinodiwa kunharaunda dziri muPhilippine. Mumwe mutambi mu

recycled glass jewelry market is Jody Freij-Tonder. Anoshandisa mabhodhoro,

zvirongo, mahwindo uye girazi rakasvibiswa remutsara wake wemhete (mapeya matatu

nemadhora makumi maviri nemashanu) inotengeswa kuburikidza neBlue Skies Glassworks. Junk to Jewels inochembera

mabhedha, zvikamu zvemagetsi uye zvebhasikoro kuita zvishongo zvakanaka zvinoshamisa: A

bhodhi redunhu rinova pendant ($30); waya yemagetsi nemapuranga ebhuruu

mabhindauko anoita manyemwe eturquoise necklace ($18).

Eco-Artware.com's artists inopawo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzokororwazve,

kushandiswa zvakare uye zvinhu zvakasikwa. Pane yayo online boutique, iwe uchawana

mapini ($22 kusvika $32) akagadzirwa kubva kumapfekero akashandiswa eMardi Gras, hanzu dzebhora uye

waya kubva pakatyoka TV seti. Zvinyorwa zvekare zvemagazini yeVogue tsvaga yechipiri

Hupenyu hwefashoni mumapepa ezvishongo zvebead ($12 kusvika $28) yakagadzirwa naLouisa uye

Yongwoo Kim.

Zvezvishongo zvine chekuita nemagariro, funga Global Marketplace,

iyo inobatsira varombo vanoita zvemhizha kukwira pamusoro pehurombo. Global

Musika unozvitsanangura se "isingaite purofiti, nharaunda yepasi

sangano rekusimudzira." Nhengo dzeCo-op America Business

Network uye Fair Trade Federation, kambani inodzoka yakawanda ye

mutengo wekutengesa sezvinobvira kune vanyori vemunharaunda. Somuenzaniso, kutenga

yeHaitian ceramic necklace ($7.50 imwe neimwe) inobatsira kutsigira vakadzi vekuHaiti

aigadzira nhumbi nemaoko. Global Marketplace inopawo mabhedhi, dombo,

mhangura, hematite, hemp, pewter, ceramic uye sirivheri sarudzo.

Uye kana, nokuda kwenyu, kuchine hakuchina chingatsiviwa nendarama namabwe anokosha;

mamwe makambani anoita shuwa vanhu uye nharaunda kubva kwavanogara

zvishongo akauya zvinoremekedzwa. Imwe femu yakadaro iSnooty Jewelry. The company

haishandisi zvigadzirwa zvemhuka (dehwe, maparera, goko, pfupa) mumagadzirirwo ayo,

inoshandisa 100 muzana post-mutengi tsvina uye soy-based inki mukurongedza,

uye 10 muzana yemapurofiti ayo anoenda kumhuka, vanhu uye zvakatipoteredza

mapoka erubatsiro. Snooty Jewelry's wide choice of sterling silver

uye 14-karat mhete dzegoridhe, maketani uye zvishongo zvinowanikwa nazvo

matombo anokosha akadai seamythest, garnet, jade, safire nemaradhi ($5 kusvika $80).

EnviroWatch inopawo mutsara wemhando yepamusoro sterling mhete dzesirivha

($35) uye zvishongo ($50) zvinoratidza ma dolphin, shark, turtles, manatee

nenzou. Kutengeswa kwezvishongo kunobatsira EnviroWatch mukuedza kwayo kurambidza

shark finning, kuderedza kukanganisa kwekubata hove pamhando dzakachengetedzwa uye

tsigira zvirongwa zvekururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza. BATA: Blue Skies Glassworks,

(800)388-8698, www.lakenet .com/glass4mj; Eco-Artware.com, (877)

326-2781, www.eco-artware.com; EnviroWatch, www.envirowatch.org/jewelry

.htm; Global Marketplace, www.global marketplace.org; Junk to Jewels,

(301)3600699, www.junktojewels.net; Simon Harrison Dhizaini, (301)

854-0208, www.harrisondesign.com; Zvishongo zveSnooty, (877)884-4367,

www.snootyjewelry.com.

KATHERINE KERLIN ishamwari mupepeti weE.