Hunts Rufu Runomutsiridza ndangariro yeFortune Yakarasika paSilver Bet

Kwakanga kune inflation. Yakanga ichimhanya yakakwira kusvika 13 muzana muma1970, sembavha iri kutyisidzira kuba pfuma yemhuri yakawanwa nababa vake, H.L., muminda yeoiri yeEast Texas.

Paive naMuammar Qaddafi nevarume vemafuta vekuAmerica vaishanda naye. Apo Hunt nevakoma vake William Herbert naLamar vakanga varamba kubhadhara Qaddafi hafu yemari yavaiwana kubva kuminda yemafuta yeLibya, sezvakaita vakwikwidzi vavo, Qaddafi akangobvuta maHunts maeka mamiriyoni masere.

Kwaiva nemakomonisiti, vakasununguka, vatsigiri vehurumende yehutano. Kana inflation isina kumubira mabhiriyoni ake, muteresi aizodaro.

Mhinduro yaive sirivheri. Sirivha yakakwana yekudzivirira inflation. Zvakakwana kuti urambe wakapfuma pasinei neQaddafi uye Internal Revenue Service, akadaro Tim Knight, munyori wePanic, Prosperity uye Progress: Makore Mazana mashanu eNhoroondo uye Misika (2014).

Sirivha kwaari yakanga isiri chirongwa chepombi-uye-kurasa, Knight akadaro mubvunzurudzo. Hunt aive nemaonero epasirese uye zvaive nemusoro kwaari kuunganidza sirivha uye kusungirira pairi. Akanga ari mutendi wechokwadi.

Hunt akafa Oct. 21 pazera ramakore makumi masere nemasere ekusagadzikana kwemoyo mushure mekurwa kwenguva refu nekenza uye dementia, maererano neThe Dallas Morning News.

Paakatanga kutenga sirivha nevakoma vake muna 1973, yaiita madhora maviri paaundi uye mutengi mukuru aive Eastman Kodak Co., yaiishandisa kugadzira firimu.

Vavhimi vasati vapedza, makore manomwe gare gare, vakaunganidza anopfuura mamirioni mazana maviri aunzi, mutengo waikwira kupfuura madhora makumi mana neshanu paawandi imwe uye vatongi vaigadzirira kutora matanho ekuona kuti hapana chakafanana nezvakaitwa naNelson Bunker Hunt zvaizoitika zvakare.

The Hunts akafambisa mutengo wesirivheri pasi rose, akadaro Thomas O. Gorman, shamwari yake kuDorsey & Whitney LLP muWashington uyo akabudirira kumhan'ara maHunts nekuda kwekunyengedza musika.

Vatengesi vakawanda vanotenga nekutengesa mapepa. Zvinhu chaizvo zvinomiririrwa nebepa iroro zvinoendeswa kune mumwe munhu. Hunt aida sirivha. Akahaya ndege nhatu dze707 jet kuti dzitakure simbi kunzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu muSwitzerland uye akahaya gumi nemaviri ekupfura macowboys kuti achengetedze, sekureva kwaKnight.

Mukupera kwema1970, maHunts akange achiunganidza sirivha yakawanda zvekuti vaida vamwe vanovatengera, akadaro George Gero, aitengesa simbi paCommodity Exchange Inc.s yakavhurika gomba rekuchema muNew York kubhanga rekudyara reDrexel Burnham Lambert.

Mutengi mukuru waNelson Bunker Hunt aive Conti Commodities, uye patakaona Conti broker achiuya kugomba, takachata vese vakatenga imwe sirivha, vachikwidza mutengo, akadaro Gero, zvino mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, remangwana renyika, reRBC Capital Markets muNew York. .

Kuburikidza nema1970 mutengo wakakwira zvishoma nezvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma. Ipapo, muna 1979, nokukurumidza. Silver yakatanga gore ichitenderedza madhora matanhatu paawanzi uye yakapera gore nemari inodarika madhora makumi matatu nemaviri.

Munhu wose akapinda mubasa racho. Vanambuya vakatengesa zvimedu zvemhuri. Mbavha dzaiita manyawi nezvishongo zvesirivha dzichizvinyungudusa.

Zvakazoipa zvekuti Tiffany & Co., mugadziri wematombo anogara kuNew York, akatenga chiziviso muNew York Times chaiti, Tinofunga kuti hazvina musoro kuti chero munhu aunganidze mabhiriyoni anoverengeka, hongu mabhiriyoni, esirivha inokosha yemadhora obva akwidza mutengo wacho zvokuti vamwe. inofanirwa kubhadhara mitengo yakakwira yezvinyorwa zvakagadzirwa nesirivheri kubva kumwana zvipunu kusvika kumaseti etii, pamwe nefirimu remifananidzo nezvimwe zvigadzirwa.

Pana Jan. 7, 1980, mukupindura chinzvimbo cheHunts, Comex neChicago Board of Trade vakaisa mitemo yechimbichimbi yaisanganisira yakakwira margin zvinodiwa.

Vakatyora mukwidza nekurambidza kutengwa kwesirivheri, akadaro Knight, uyo anoblogi pa slopeofhope.com. Maodha ekuvharirwa chete ndiwo aizogamuchirwa. Its almost criminal zvavakaita.

Mutengo wesirivheri wakakwira kusvika pamadhora makumi mana nemapfumbamwe neshanu pamwedzi iwoyo. Pakazosvika Kurume 18, yaive $16.60.

Hunt akaenda kuFrance uyezve Saudi Arabia nepfungwa yekutengesa mabhondi achitsigirwa nehodhi yake yesirivha. Magazini yeTime yakataura panguva iyoyo kuti vaHunt vaiedza kutengesa sirivha vasingatengese sirivha.

Yakabva yapinda margin call.

Vatengesi vaifanira kuvhara mabheti avo mazuva ese. Kana vaisakwanisa, vaifanira kutanga kutengesa. Ndiyo yaive mitemo yekuchinjana.

Musi waKurume 27, 1980 - izvo zvakazozivikanwa sesirivheri China - Comex akakumbira Bache Group, mutengesi weHunts, $134 miriyoni. Idzo hama nhatu dzeHunt dzaive nemadhora mazana mana nemakumi mashanu emadhora mumari yesirivha, madhora mazana matatu nemazana mashanu emadhora ayo purofiti, Knight akadaro. Asi vanga vasina $134 miriyoni.

Kukanganisa kwekutonga ndicho chikonzero, sekureva kwaJeffrey Christian, aive mutori wenhau paMetals Week panguva iyoyo. Munhu ega aikwanisa kubvumidza kufambiswa kwemari kuti abhadhare kufona kwemahara aive Bunker Hunt, uye aive mhiri kwemakungwa uye asingasvikike, akadaro Christian.

Bache akange asina hungwaru hwekuita chero chinhu kunze kwekumisa chinzvimbo ichi, akadaro Christian, uyo zvino ave maneja weCPM Group LLC, kambani yeNew York-based commodities research and consulting company. Hunt chaaifanira kuita kwaive kufona.

Mutengo wesirivheri wakadzika musi iwoyo kusvika pamadhora gumi nesere paaundi kubva pamadhora gumi nemashanu.

The Hunts vakanga vaisa mafuta uye gasi leases, real estate, marasha leases, antiques, kunyange Mercedes uye Rolex, uye vakarasikirwa zvose, maererano Kurt Eichenwalds Nyoka paDombo (2005).

Gumi nembiri U.S. mabhanga, mapazi ekuAmerica emabhanga mana ekunze uye dzimba shanu dzebrokerage dzakapa Hunts sirivha-kutenga mari inodarika mazana masere emamiriyoni emadhora -- yakaenzana nezvikamu gumi kubva muzana zvemabhanga ese akakweretesa munyika mumwedzi miviri yapfuura, William Greider akanyora. mune Zvakavanzika zveTemberi (1987). Chibatiso chacho chaisanganisirawo sirivha, iyo mutengo wayo wakanga wakaderera.

Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kushata, maHunts akange atenga zvibvumirano zveramangwana pamamiriyoni gumi nemapfumbamwe emaonzi esirivheri nekutakura kwakarongwa Muvhuro unotevera, Kurume 31, Greider akanyora. Mutengesi akanga achida mari yake. Kana akaishaya, mutengo wesirivheri waizodonha zvakare, uchikwevera vakweretesi vemadhora mazana masere emamiriyoni pasi nawo, Greider akadaro.

Chikwereti chemadhora bhiriyoni imwe nechidimbu kubva kuboka remabhanga, chakakomborerwa naSachigaro weFederal Reserve Paul Volcker kunyangwe akamira akasimba achipokana nekukweretesa kwekufungidzira sezvo inflation yakakwira, yakamisa kubuda ropa, Greider akadaro.

Kwemazuva matanhatu mukupera kwaKurume 1980 zvakaratidzika kuvakuru vakuru vehurumende, Wall Street neruzhinji kuti kukanganisa kwemhuri imwe chete pazvisungo zvayo mumusika uri kuderera wesirivheri kungakanganisa zvakanyanya U.S. gadziriro yezvemari, yakadaro 1982 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission report.

Munguva yemakore manomwe ekuwedzera kwemitengo yesirivheri, imwe kambani yePeruvia yakanga yabheja kuti mutengo waizodonha. Yakamhan'ara Bunker Hunt naHerbert Hunt nekuda kwekushandisa musika.

Nyaya yacho yakazosvika kudare muna 1988. Kutongwa kwakatora mwedzi mitanhatu, akadaro Gorman, gweta rekambani yePeruvia. The Hunts akarasika.

Ndinorangarira vachikatyamadzwa chose, vakavhunduka chose, Gorman akadaro.

Mutongo wemamiriyoni zana nemakumi masere emadhora kwavari wakasundidzira maHunts mukubhuroka. Zvese Bunker Hunt aive asiya kubva kumabhiriyoni ake aive mamirioni mashoma, yakatsiga yemabhiza emujaho uye mutero wemadhora 90 miriyoni waizobhadharwa mukati memakore gumi nemashanu, Knight akadaro.

Bunker aisazombotaura neni, akadaro Gorman. Akati kekupedzisira kuona Hunt aive kuDallas restaurant. Mushure mekunge vadya kudya kwemasikati pamatafura akasiyana, vakasvika pama lift panguva imwe chete. Gorman akati akabata gonhi, asi Hunt akasimbirira kuti Gorman atange apinda, ndokuramba kupinda naye ndokurovera mhino yake kugweta sezvo magonhi aivharika.

Mhosva yaipokana nevaHunts ndiyo yaive nyaya yekunyengerera yakambotongwa, Jeffrey C. Williams, chapupu chakapupura chakamiririra vaHunts, akanyora munhoroondo yake yenyaya iyi, Manipulation on Trial (1995).

Havana kumboedza kukona musika, Christian akadaro. Vakatenga sirivha yakawanda. Vakaisa mari, nenzira huru, nenzira ine hudofo. Cornering haisi tsanangudzo yechokwadi.

Mumashure meizvi, Commodity Futures Trading Commission yakatora miganho mitsva pazvinzvimbo izvo vafungidziri vaigona kuunganidza.

Hunt akararama kwezana ramakore mushure mekunyadziswa kwake. Akarambidzwa kutengesa zvinhu. Kambani yemadzibaba ake, Hunt Oil Co., akaberekerwa muEast Texas minda yemafuta panguva yeGreat Depression, akapona. Munun'una wake Herbert akave bhirionaire zvakare, achidyara muNorth Dakota shale mafuta.

Shanduko dzemitemo dzakaitwa zvichitevera kurwiswa kweHunts, uye ivo inhaka yeHunts, akadaro David Kovel, gweta kuNew York-based Kirby McInerney LLP nyanzvi mune zvekutengesa.

CFTC, muna Mbudzi 2013 chirevo chekudzikisa huwandu hwezvibvumirano nemutengesi mumwe chete anogona kubata mumisika dzakasiyana siyana, yakataura nezvekutengesa kweSilver Hunts semuenzaniso wekuti nei miganhu yakadaro ichidikanwa.

Kutsinhana kwave kuonekwa senzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzisina njodzi yakawanda seyomusika wepamusoro-soro, Kovel akadaro mune e-mail.