Ehlile u na le litulo tsa letlalo, lits'oere tsa likopi tsa polasetiki, lithaere tsa rabara le lifensetere tse entsoeng ka likhalase tsa tšireletso. Empa boholo ba se etsang hore koloi e tsamaee le ho u sireletsa ha u ntse u otla tseleng e kholo ke tšepe.Tšepe ke thepa e atileng haholo koloing. Hoo e ka bang 55% ea boima ba koloi e tsoa ho tšepe, ho latela The World Steel Association.

Ka 2007, koloi e tloaelehileng e ne e e-na le liponto tse 2,400 tsa tšepe, 'me teraka e bobebe e tloaelehileng kapa SUV 3,000 pounds ea tšepe. GM feela e reka lithane tse limilione tse 7 tsa tšepe bakeng sa eona le ho rekisetsoa bafani ba eona selemo le selemo. E se ke ea e-ba teng, Mokhatlo oa Aluminium o ama aluminium e le tšepe ea bobeli e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa likoloing - e nang le lik'hilograma tse 327 tse sebelisoang koloing e tloaelehileng ka leboea. Amerika. Ka 2007, karolelano ea boima ba koloi e ncha U.S.

boima ba lik'hilograma tse 4,144, e leng se behang feela 8% ea boima ba koloi e amanang le aluminium. Leha ho le joalo, lik’hilograma tse 327 ho feta limilione tsa likoloi tse rekisoang feela U.S. selemo se seng le se seng e etsa 'maraka o motle.The London Metal Exchange attributes 7% ea koporo e sebelisoang indastering ea lipalangoang, empa hantle hore na ho thata ho tseba tšepe e kae ka koloing ea hau.Re tseba hore platinum, palladium le rhodium li sebelisoa haholo li-converter tsa catalytic.

Ebile, 60% ea platinamo e sebelisoa indastering ea likoloi, leha chelete ea koloi ka 'ngoe e le nyane haholo - hoo e ka bang 1 ho isa ho 1.5 grams - mme e kanna ea fokotseha, joalo ka ha lik'hamphani tse fapaneng tsa likoloi li phatlalatsa li-catalysts tse ncha tse fokotsang palo ea likoloi. litšepe tsa bohlokoa tse sebelisoang mekhoeng ea tsona.(Nissan e sa tsoa phatlalatsa mokhoa oa ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea platinum koloing ea eona e ncha ea Cube ho tloha ho ligrama tse 1.3 ho isa ho ligrama tse 0,65. Bahlahlobisisi ha ba lumele hore e tla ba le tšusumetso e kholo nakong e khuts'oane hobane koloi e tla fumaneha Japane feela. Ntle le moo, liphatlalatso tsena ha se kamehla li hlahisang ts'ebetso e kenang hanghang tlhahisong.

Mazda e phatlalalitse sets'oants'o se ts'oanang ka Mphalane se fetileng seo ho neng ho nahanoa hore se khona ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea tšepe ea bohlokoa ka 70-90%. Empa ho fihlela hajoale, ha ho na pontšo ea hore e se e sebelisoa haholo.)Empa ema, ho na le tse ling. Loto e sebelisoa libetering.

Tin e sebelisoa ka li-solders, 'me zinki e na le karolo ea ho etsa litšepe, tse thusang ho sireletsa koloi ea hau maemong a leholimo. Cobalt e sebelisoa ka mekotleng ea moea ebile e le tlatsetso linthong tse fapaneng tse fapaneng tse ka kenang kapa tsa kena koloing ea hau. Haeba u khanna lebasetere, u na le cobalt libetering tsa hau - tse ka bang 2.5 kg haeba u na le Prius. Lipalo tsa October tsa U.S.

thekiso ea likoloi e ne e le tlase - e theohile ka 32% ho tloha ka Mphalane 2007. Har'a li-automaker tse kholo tse tharo, GM e ne e le eona ntho e thata ka ho fetisisa, ho bona thekiso ea eona e theoha ka 45%. Ford le Chrysler le tsona ha lia ka tsa sireletsoa, ​​'me thekiso e theohile ka 30% le 35%, ka ho latellana.Hase ntho e mpe feela mona, e mpe hohle.

Iceland e theohile ka 86% mme Ireland e theohile ka 55%. Ho lokile, Iceland ha se matla a susumetsang tlhokahalo ea likoloi, empa u ke ke ua iphapanyetsa linomoro tse joalo.J.D. Power and Associates e bolela esale pele hore kakaretso ea kakaretso ea likoloi tse ncha tse rekisoang U.S.

e tla theohela ho diyuniti tse dimilione tse 13.6 ka 2008, mme e be diyuniti tse dimilione tse 13.2 ka 2009. Europe e boetse e lebelletse ho theoha ha 3.1% bakeng sa 2008. Mmaraka oa likoloi oa China o ntse o hola, empa joalo ka moruo o mong oa China, kholo eo ea fokotseha.

J.D. Motlakase o hakanya hore liyuniti tse limilione tse 8.9 li tla rekisoa ka 2008 - kholo e hlomphehang ea 9.7% ho feta lipalo tsa 2007. E hlompheha ho fihlela u e bapisa le sekhahla sa kholo ea 2007 ea 24.1%.'Me ka kholiseho ea bareki e ntse e tsoela pele ho senyeha, le bokamoso ba lik'hamphani tse kang GM bo belaetsang, ha ho bonahale eka thekiso ea likoloi e tla khutla haufinyane. Beha 2 And 2 TogetherPotso bakeng sa batseteli ba thepa, ke kamoo litheko tse fapaneng tsa thepa li hlahisoang ka teng mabapi le tlhoko ea koloi.

Haeba baetsi ba likoloi ba hlahisa 10% kapa 20% likoloi tse fokolang selemong se tlang, ke limmaraka life tse tla utloisa bohloko ka ho fetisisa?Ka holimo lethathamong - aluminium. Ka 2005, karolo ea boraro e felletseng ea tšebeliso ea aluminium Amerika Leboea e ile ea amahanngoa le lefapha la lipalangoang - ke liponto tse limilione tse 8,683 tsa aluminium.

Lijana le liphutheloana li ile tsa ja karolo e 'ngoe ea 20% ea aluminium,' me 14% ea aluminium e kene kahong le kahong. Phokotso ea 10-20% ea tlhokahalo e amang karolo ea boraro ea 'maraka oa aluminium ke ho otla ho hoholo ho tšepe.Platinum ke tšepe e' ngoe e ka otloang haholo ke ho theoha ha tlhokahalo ka lebaka la theko e tlaase ea likoloi hammoho le tšokelo e eketsehileng ea mahlale a macha a ka fokotsang palo ea tšepe e hlokahalang koloing ka 'ngoe. Haeba litheko li theoha ka ho lekaneng, re ka bona keketseho ea thekiso ea mabenyane - e leng eona feela mokhanni o mong o moholo oa tlhokeho ea platinum.

Empa linakong tsa ho putlama ha moruo, mohlomong re ke ke ra bona ho tlola ho hoholo ha tlhokeho ea bling.Ho thoe'ng ka tšepe? E le karolo e kholo ea likoloi tsohle tse tseleng, u ka nahana hore tšepe e kotsing - empa mohlomong ha ho joalo. 'Nete ke hore, leha e le indasteri ea bohlokoa, likoloi li emela karoloana e nyane feela ea' maraka oa tšepe.

Thepa e tšoeu, marokho, matamo, meaho le liindasteri tse ling tse ngata li sebelisa tšepe. Ka 2007, lithane tse limilione tse 1,343.5 tsa tšepe li ile tsa hlahisoa lefatšeng, ho latela International Iron and Steel Institute. Seo se etsa hore theko ea selemo le selemo ea GM ea lithane tse limilione tse 7 e shebahale eka ke lerotholi feela ka nkhong. Theko ea silevera?

Litheko tse tlaase tsa tšepe li ka bolela chelete e ngata bakeng sa baetsi ba likoloi haeba likonteraka tsa bona tsa thepa tsa morao-rao li le teng bakeng sa lipuisano. Ho na le bopaki bo bong ba hore baetsi ba likoloi ba India ba ka 'na ba qala ho bona hore likhahla tsa bona li ntlafala ha ba qala ho sebelisa monyetla oa litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ho kenya letsoho. Bothata bo le bong bo bonyenyane - ba ntse ba hloka ho rekisa likoloi e le hore ba fumane chelete, empa hey, bothata bo le bong ka nako, ka kopo. Batla Matšoenyeho Bloomberg, Nov.

11, 2008 Baetsi ba likoloi ba ka bona phaello e ntlafala ha litheko tsa tšepe li theoha New Delhi