Tiny Rhode Island Chachikulu Kwambiri mu Zodzikongoletsera Zovala: Koma Zogulitsa Zakunja Zikupanga Njira

Rhode Island imapanga 80% ya zodzikongoletsera - kapena zodzikongoletsera zamafashoni, monga momwe makampani amatcha zokometsera zotsika mtengo mpaka zapakatikati - zopangidwa ku America. Okhazikika ku Providence ndi madera ake ndi makampani 900 a zodzikongoletsera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito antchito 24,400 omwe amalipidwa pachaka $350 miliyoni.

Zina mwazinthu zopangidwa ndi mafakitale a Providence ndi ndolo, zibangili, mikanda, mapini, ma pendants, mphete, unyolo, maulalo a cuff ndi matayala.

"Zodzikongoletsera ndiye gawo lalikulu kwambiri lopanga zinthu ku Rhode Island," atero a Bill Parsons, wothandizira wamkulu wa dipatimenti ya Economic Development. "Timatumiza zodzikongoletsera zokwana mapaundi 1 miliyoni pa sabata kunja kwa boma. Ndi malonda a $ 1.5 biliyoni ku Rhode Island." Rhode Island yakhala mtima ndi moyo wa zodzikongoletsera kwa zaka pafupifupi mazana awiri. Mu 1794, Nehemlah Dodge - adatenga tate wa mafakitale - adapanga njira yosinthira pakuyika zitsulo zoyambira ndi golidi mu shopu yake yaying'ono ya Providence.

Makampani ena angapo adakula mwachangu mozungulira fakitale ya Dodge, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe adachita upainiya. Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa opanga zodzikongoletsera kwapita ku matauni a Massachusetts kumalire ndi Rhode Island - koma pafupifupi onse ali pamtunda wa mphindi 30 kuchokera ku Providence.

Ambiri mwa opanga zodzikongoletsera ku Rhode Island akupitilizabe kukhala mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, apabanja komanso oyendetsedwa ndi antchito 25 mpaka 100. Koma palinso makampani akuluakulu, odziwika bwino monga Trifari, Monet, Jewel Co. waku America, Kienhofer & Moog, Anson, Bulova, Gorham, Swank ndi Speidel.

Zodzikongoletsera zodzikongoletsera zimayimira 40% ya zodzikongoletsera zonse zopangidwa ku America. Ena 60% ndi zodzikongoletsera zamtengo wapatali ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimapangidwa ku New York, New Jersey, California ndi Florida.

Zaka za m'ma 1980 zakhala zikukula kwambiri pazodzikongoletsera zamafashoni. Koma opindula kwambiri sanakhale US opanga."Panthaŵi yomwe zodzikongoletsera za mafashoni zikugulitsidwa ngati makeke otentha, tikufinyidwa ndi katundu wochokera kunja," anadandaula motero Charles Rice, mneneri wa mamembala 2,400 a Manufacturing Jewelers. & Silversmiths of America, ku likulu lake kuno.

Zogulitsa kuchokera kunja zalowa kwambiri m'zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazi. Ogwira ntchito zodzikongoletsera opitilira 8,000 achotsedwa ntchito ndipo makampani 300 apinda kuyambira 1978.

Malinga ndi kunena kwa MJSA, U.S. malonda a mitundu yonse ya zodzikongoletsera anakula 40% m'zaka zinayi zapitazi, ndi mtengo okwana (mtengo opanga) kukwera kwa $6.4 biliyoni kuchokera $4.5 biliyoni. Mtengo wa zodzikongoletsera kunja, komabe, udakwera 83% nthawi yomweyo - mpaka $ 1.9 biliyoni kuchokera pa $ 1 biliyoni.

Malingaliro a kampani American Ring Co., Ltd. ndi Excell Mfg. Co. ndi zitsanzo za makampani awiri a mabanja omwe athana ndi vuto lochokera kumayiko ena.

Renato Calandrelli, wazaka 59, mbadwa ya ku Naples, Italy, anabwera m’dziko lino ali ndi zaka 18. Anagwira ntchito ndi malipiro ochepa pakampani yopanga zida ndi kufa mpaka Jan. 21, 1973, pamene adaganiza kuti ayese kupanga yekha poyambitsa American Ring Co. ku East Providence.

“Chaka choyamba chimenecho ndinali ndekha wogwira ntchito pakampanipo. Kampaniyo idapeza $24,000 pakugulitsa mphete 2,000," Calandrelli adakumbukira. Chaka chatha, adatero, American Ring adalemba antchito 180 ndipo adagulitsa ndalama zopitirira $11 miliyoni.

“Mpikisano wochokera kumayiko akum’mawa ndi wovuta kwambiri. Ndizovuta nthawi zonse, "Calandrelli adavomereza.

Kampani yake ndi setter style. Imapanga mphete za 80,000 pa sabata, zambiri zomwe zimagulitsa $ 15 mpaka $ 20. “Miyezi itatu iliyonse timayambitsa masitayelo atsopano,” iye anafotokoza motero. "Iyi ndi njira imodzi yowagonjetsa (zogulitsa kunja). Ndimagwiritsa ntchito pakati pa $200,000 ndi $300,000 pachaka pamalingaliro atsopano, kupanga zitsanzo zatsopano.

"Opanga akunja sakudziwa zomwe anthu aku America akufuna. Ayenera kutitsatira. Timakhazikitsa machitidwe (omwe) amakopera." Fred Kilguss, 75, wapampando wa bungwe la Excell Mfg. Co., imodzi mwamakampani akuluakulu opangira zodzikongoletsera mdziko muno, idafotokoza momwe kampani yake idatengera njira ina yothanirana ndi kutayika kwabizinesi kumayiko aku Italy.

"Anthu aku Italiya adatuluka ndi mafashoni atsopano omwe adadziwika usiku wonse ku United States," adatero Kilguss. "Sitinali kupanga unyolo wotero. Zogulitsa zathu zidatsika kwambiri.

"Tikadatha kupita m'mimba monga momwe makampani angapo aku Providence adachitira, koma tidakwera pagulu. Anthu aku Italiya samangopanga unyolo koma amagulitsa makinawo kuti apange maunyolo. Tinagula makina a ku Italy.” Koma ngakhale kuti zimenezi zinathekadi, Kilguss anati, “ndizosatheka kuti makampani kuno apikisane ndi kutsika kwa malonda a zodzikongoletsera. Zinthu zogulitsidwa kuchokera pansi pa $ 1 mpaka $ 5 tsopano zikupangidwa pafupifupi ku Taiwan, Hong Kong ndi Korea. Koma pazinthu zodula monga maunyolo athu, omwe amagulitsa kuyambira $20 mpaka $2,000, titha kupikisana. zomwe zinali mu 1976.