Weeds akan Lapel: Biology and Jewelry

lakabi kuma daga waɗanda ba a san su ba ne. A haka na kusan rasa a

babban saƙo tare da taken: Nau'in Nasara Tiara. Wannan ya kasance

tabbas ban sani ba, kuma ban san mai aikawa ba, amma wani abu ya sanya ni

ban buga maɓallin "share" ba, kuma na yi farin ciki sosai

bai yi ba. Sakon ya fito ne daga Jan Yager, mahaliccin Invasive

Nau'o'i: Tiara Makoki na Amurka - ainihin kayan ado da aka yi da su

zinariya da azurfa (abu

labaru/tiara/index.html). Na ambaci wannan aikin a cikin gabatarwa I

ba a wani taro. Jan karanta game da shi a Yanar Gizo

(

sva/media/1403/large/Proceedings2005.pdf) kuma ya tuntube ni--daya daga cikin

abũbuwan amfãni daga lantarki sadarwa, isa ga daidaita fitar da

bacin rai na imel ɗin takarce.

Na buga Tiara na Yager a matsayin misali na dangantakar da nake gani

tsakanin kayan ado da ilmin halitta. Sanya kayan ado masu wakiltar tsire-tsire da

dabbobi sun buge ni a matsayin bayyanar biophilia. Masanin ilimin halitta Edward

O. Wilson (1984) ya bayyana biophilia a matsayin abin da mutum yake so ya samu

lamba tare da sauran nau'in. Wilson ya kwatanta shi dangane da buƙata

ciyar da lokaci a cikin yanayi na halitta, kewaye da dabbobi da tsire-tsire. Muni

kuma muna ƙoƙarin gamsar da sha'awar halittar mu ta hanyar kewaye kanmu

tare da shuke-shuke, dabbobin gida, da wakilcin tsirrai da dabbobi. A cikin wani

a baya labarin ABT, na bayyana zurfin da faɗin wannan penchant

dangane da shirye-shiryen TV da ayyukan fasaha (Flannery, 2001). Ni ma

rubuta game da dangantakar dake tsakanin biophilia da kayan ado na ciki

(Flannery, 2005). Duk da haka, ana samun irin waɗannan wakilci ba kawai a ciki ba

gidajenmu amma a kan mu mutane, a cikin nau'i na kayan ado. Tun daga biophilia

da alama dabi'a ce ta tasiri, ba abin mamaki bane

cewa kayan ado na sirri tare da wakilcin tsirrai da dabbobi sune

samu a cikin al'adu a ko'ina cikin duniya. Wannan gaskiya ne a yanzu da kuma a cikin

baya. Ina so in fitar da shaida kan wannan da'awar a nan da kuma gabatar

hujjar da ke sa dalibai su san biophilia da ita

bayyanuwar wata hanya ce ta haɓaka hankalinsu ga muhalli

al'amura da kuma kwatanta yadda ilmin halitta ke da alaƙa da sauran sassan mu

al'ada.

Kayan Ado Na Baya

Zan fara da wasu misalan tsoffin kayan ado daga lamba

na al'adu daban-daban don kwatanta duka dogon tarihin yanayi

wakilci a cikin kayan ado na jiki da kuma fadin yanki na

wannan al'ada. Ina gabatar da wannan binciken ne saboda daya daga cikin layin

shaidar da Wilson da sauransu suka yi amfani da su don tallafawa ra'ayin kwayoyin halitta

tushen halayen ɗan adam shine da'awar kasancewarsu a ko'ina. Akuyar Minoan

abin wuya daga 1500 BC, tsohuwar abin wuya na Masar tare da shaho, da kuma a

Rum ta runguma da gaggafa da ganimarta duk suna kwatanta ma'ana. Duka

nahiyar tana samar da kayan ado: abin lankwasa bat na kasar Sin, maciji na Aztec

tsintsiya, abin lankwasa tsuntsun Baule daga Ivory Coast, da 'yan kunne da

enameled tsuntsaye daga na da Ukraine. Wannan jeri na iya ci gaba da ci gaba, amma

ko da waɗannan 'yan misalai sun nuna cewa kayan ado a cikin nau'i na

kwayoyin halitta, musamman dabbobi, suna da yawa a cikin al'adun mutane

lokaci da sarari.

Zan je yanzu sifili a kan al'adun Yammacin Turai saboda wannan shine

inda muke rayuwa, a yanayin kasa, al'adu, kuma ga mafi yawancin,

a hankali da kuma ta zuciya. Anan al'adar hotuna na dabbobi da shuka

a cikin kayan ado na sirri yana da ƙarfi musamman. Ina so in fara

ambaton ba misali na kayan ado kai tsaye, amma a maimakon haka, shafi daga a

Renaissance littafin hours. Yana da hotunan kayan ado a iyakarta,

ciki har da abin wuyan fure. Yawancin sauran pendants da aka kwatanta suna da

muhimmancin addini. Wannan shafin yana nuna motsin kallo

yanayi don samun Allah, wato, haɓaka ilimin tauhidi na halitta. Wani

ya zama zare mai ƙarfi musamman a Biritaniya a cikin 19th

karni kuma yana da mahimmanci ga faɗaɗa shaidar juyin halitta. Cir

ƙari, kamar yadda yawancin masana tarihi suka lura, tunanin addini ya kasance

muhimmanci ga ci gaban kimiyyar zamani a ƙarshen zamanai na tsakiya, da

Renaissance, da kuma bayan (White, 1979).

An sanya abin lanƙwan fure akan wannan shafin rubutun a matsayin a

alamar addini. Furanni suna nuna alamar tsabta da kyau, kuma a fili

Anan, kyawun furen yana nuna kyawun budurwar budurwa

hoto a shafi guda. Yin amfani da hotunan shuka da dabbobi a cikin kayan ado

yawanci alama ce. Misali, filin mikiya na Amurka na iya nunawa

kishin kasa. Ana iya jayayya da cewa yin amfani da hotunan kwayoyin halitta a ciki

kayan ado sun fi al'ada fiye da tushen ilimin halitta, cewa waɗannan hotuna

suna da mahimmanci saboda abin da suke nunawa ta fuskar addini,

kabilanci, ko imani na siyasa. Zai yi wuya a yi da'awar biophilic

Muhimmancin fil ɗin mikiya na Amurka don ranar huɗu ga Yuli ko na

shamrocks a kan lapel don St. Ranar Patrick.

Amma ba na jin amfani da kwayoyin halitta a matsayin alamomi shine shaida

a kan mahimmancin biophilia. Gaskiyar cewa dabbobi da

ana amfani da tsire-tsire akai-akai azaman alamomin jayayya, maimakon

da, mahimmancin biophilia. Lokacin ƙoƙarin bayyana zurfafa-ji

imani da buri, mutane suna da lokaci da sake komawa ga masu rai

duniya don alamomi. Yana iya zama fiye da daidaituwa cewa muna amfani da wasu

nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i).

abubuwa daban-daban da yawa. Wannan muna ganin musamman jin daɗin ƙirƙirar

alamomin da suka dogara akan kwayoyin halitta watakila suna nuna cewa idan muka duba don ganowa

hanyoyin bayyana ra'ayoyi da imani, mu juya ga abin da aka fi sani da

mu. ga abin da muka fi shakuwa da shi, wato sauran nau’o’in rayuwa.

Wani misali daga karni na 16 shine abin wuyan swan, a

hade da kayan halitta da na mutum. Lu'u-lu'u mai siffar ban mamaki

yana samar da jikin swan, yayin da sauran dabbar ta kunshi

enamelwork da kayan ado. Masanin ilimin halittu Evelyn Hutchinson (1965) ta lura cewa

irin waɗannan kayan ado, da yawa daga cikinsu an ƙirƙira su a ƙarni na 16 da 17, sune

misalan melding na fasaha da kimiyya, na ado da na halitta

tarihi. A gare shi, suna wakiltar lokacin kafin rabuwa ta kasance tsakanin

fasaha da kimiyya, kafin a sami gidajen tarihi na fasaha da kayan tarihi na kimiyya. Wani

ya dawo lokacin da akwai kabad ɗin abubuwan ban sha'awa waɗanda ke ɗauke da abubuwa

daga bangarorin biyu, kuma a cikin irin waɗannan kayan ado, abubuwan da ke haɗuwa

bangarorin biyu.

Wannan ma'anar haɗin kai tsakanin kayan ado da yanayi. tsakanin fasaha

da kuma kimiyya, a lokacin Renaissance an duba a cikin dan kadan

daban-daban ta Pamela Smith (2003). Ta ce masu sana'a irin su

maƙeran zinari da masu aikin yumbu sun ba da gudummawar haɓakar zamani

kimiyya ta hanyar samar da ainihin wakilcin tsirrai da dabbobi. Zuwa

cimma hotuna masu rai na kananan dabbobi kamar salamanders, maƙeran zinariya

ya yi nisa da ɗaukar dabbobi masu rai, ya rage su ta hanyar nutsar da su

a cikin fitsari ko vinegar, sannan a saka su cikin filasta don yin rayuwa

m. Anyi amfani da irin wannan tsari tare da kayan shuka. Wannan dabara ta kasance

sannan masu aikin yumbu irin su Bernard Palissy wanda aka san shi da shi

platters da aka yi wa macizai, kwaɗi, da ganye ado (Amico, 1996). Smith

yana jayayya cewa a cikin turawa ga dabi'a, masu sana'a dole ne su hada gwaninta

a cikin sana'ar su tare da kula da yanayi na kusa, ciki har da kulawa

samfurori da yin rubutu mai kyau akan su. Ta ga mahaɗin kashi anan

tsakanin "sani" da "aiki," tsakanin dabi'a

wakilci da kuma fitowar sabon al'adun gani wanda ya jaddada

shaidan gani da idon basira. Wadannan sai suka rinjayi

ci gaban kimiyyar zamani tare da mai da hankali kan lura kai tsaye.

Don haka ana iya jayayya cewa haɗin kai tsakanin kayan ado da ilmin halitta yana tafiya

bayan batun batun zuwa ainihin binciken kimiyya da kansa.

Art Nouveau da Beyond

A yunƙurin kar a yi la'akari da batu na da dogon jerin sunayen

misalai, Zan yi tsalle daga karni na 16 zuwa na 19. Ƙarshen

karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20 sun ga tsayin Art

Motsi na Nouveau wanda ya kawo tare da kyawawan kayan ado masu kyau

mai wadata cikin hotunan kwayoyin halitta (Moonan, 1999). Lalique brooch ne

wakilci mai ban mamaki yana haɗuwa da gaskiya da salo. Yowa

jikin tsuntsu yana da dabi'a sosai yayin da gashin wutsiya ya kasance

da kyau contorted da sauƙaƙa. Wannan interplay na sauki tare da

haƙiƙanin siffa ce ta ƙira da yawa daga yanayi, kuma akwai

dukan littattafan da aka rubuta a kan wannan batu a karshen karni na 19.

Locket na thistle na Lumen Gillard wani misali ne na wannan

interplay, yayin da Philippe Wolfers ta orchid ado gashi ya fi

gaskiya (Moonan, 2000). Aƙalla yana da haƙiƙa kamar yadda zai iya zama,

la'akari da ita furen zinare ce da aka lulluɓe da lu'u-lu'u da yakutu.

Tsarin irin wannan kayan ado yana da matsala mai ban sha'awa a cikin amfani da

kayan da suka dace. Akwai alama wani abu na waje game da ɗaukar aikin

mafi wuya na ma'adanai don wakiltar mafi m furanni. A kan

wani hannun, da alama ya dace a yi amfani da duwatsu masu daraja don ƙirƙirar a

samfurin irin wannan fure mai daraja. A cikin littafin Paulding Farnham,

wani mai zane-zane na ƙarni na 20, samfurin mai rai ɗaya

abu da ake amfani da su wakiltar wani: wani chrysanthemum sanya daga lu'u-lu'u, tare da

daɗaɗɗen lu'u-lu'u a matsayin alama mai ban mamaki na la'akari

mama petals.

Yanzu ina so in ci gaba zuwa tsakiyar karni kuma in ambaci almubazzaranci biyu

guda manuniya na zamani. Ɗayan kyan ganiyar tsuntsu ce ta Jean

Schlumberger da ɗayan wani salo ne mai salo nautilus harsashi brooch ta

Martin Katz. Wadannan, kamar yawancin guda daga zamanin Art Nouveau

Na ambata, su ne brooches. Wannan wani bangare ne na sakamakon

selection, amma kuma saboda preponderance na Organic siffofin a

kayan ado suna cikin fil. Brooches suna zaune a kafada kuma haka suna da ƙauna

a bayyane, kuma tun da wannan ɓangaren tufafi yawanci a bayyane yake, suna

ƙara mai girma da yawa. Har ila yau, suna iya zama babban isa haka kwayoyin halitta

Ana iya ganewa: Zai yi wuya a saka orchid akan zobe. Yowa

Haushin wa annan guntuwar na nuni ne da gyalewar ta

bayan yakin, lokacin da akalla a wasu da'irori kudi sun yi yawa kuma a can

sun kasance dalilan bikinsa. Yayin da na maida hankali kan tsada

kayan ado, nau'ikan zane iri ɗaya tace har zuwa kayan ado na kayan ado

kasuwa, kamar yadda rumfunan kayan ado a kasuwannin ƙuma suka nuna sosai a yau. Wannan ya kasance

Musamman lamarin a cikin shekarun bayan Babban Crash na 1929 lokacin

attajirin da suka yi kokarin ci gaba da kallon haka ta hanyar sawa

ƙayyadaddun kayan ado na kayan ado. Kamar yadda Gabriella Mariotti (1996) maki

fita, da yawa daga cikin mafi nasara daga cikin wadannan karya ne wakilci

furanni, daga pansies na gilashi zuwa enamel tulips studded tare da rhinestones.

Kayan Ado A Yau

A halin yanzu, har yanzu ana yawan amfani da kwayoyin halitta a ciki

kayan ado. Daya daga cikin fas a yau shine don masana'anta flower brooches, da kuma sake,

sun bambanta daga mai salo, kamar a cikin furen fure mai dot, zuwa siliki

furanni da suke da wuyar ganewa daga ainihin abu. Akwai kuma

iri ɗaya tsakanin masu sauƙi da na gaske a cikin ƙarin al'ada

guda. Abin wuya na ɗan wasan New Zealand Ruth Baird ya haɗa da

ƙarfe wakilci na ganye na ƙasa shuka, pohutukawa - tare da

rabuwa da ganyen ganyen sa yana kula da salo. A kan

wani hannun, aikin David Freda yana da gaske sosai, kuma da gaske ban mamaki

(Gans, 2003). Abun wuyansa Bakar bera na Arewa ba zai zama ba

abu na farko da zan rataya a wuya na, amma yanki ne mai ban sha'awa.

Pink Lady Slipper Orchid brooch yana da ban mamaki, kodayake kuma

dan mugu ko kadan, kuma ana iya fada masa haka

Tumatir Hornworm Caterpillar brooch.

Waɗannan gudan abubuwan tunatarwa ne waɗanda ke nuna abubuwan banƙyama

sosai akai-akai a cikin kayan ado: slimy da / ko haɗari sun canza zuwa

na alatu. Wannan na iya sake dangantaka da biophilia. A cikin littafin Wilson

akan batun, akwai babi akan macizai. Can ya rubuta

shaida ga abin da ya bayyana a matsayin haifaffen tsoron macizai wanda ke da

haɗe tare da sha'awar waɗannan halittu. Duka tsoro da burgewa

su ne nau'ikan sha'awar macizai waɗanda da sun kasance suna da

amfani mai daidaitawa, yana taimaka wa mutane su guje wa cizon macizai. Watakila wannan abin sha'awa ne a cikin jigon

jan hankali ga wajen m halittu a matsayin jiki ado. Za mu iya

ko ta yaya sami sha'awa don ɗaukar abin banƙyama da canza shi zuwa

da kyau: yana iya zama mai daɗi don daskare waɗannan waɗanda ba a iya sarrafa su

halittu a cikin m karfe da jauhari.

Yayin da aikin David Freda yana da gaske sosai, John Paul

Aikin Miller ya fi salo. Wani yanki Freda ya kalleta da sauri

na iya zama kamar rayayyen halitta; ba za a yi irin wannan kuskuren ba

Miller kayan ado. Anan ƙarfe mai daraja ba a rufe shi da shi

enamel: zinariya gleams ta hanyar. Miller ya kware a ciki

invertebrates - daga octopi zuwa dung beetles da katantanwa (Krupema, 2002):

Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan dabbobi ba lallai ba ne su kasance cikin jerin kowa

dabbobin da aka fi so, amma aikinsa kawai kyakkyawa ne, tare da ƙari

sha'awar zama mai ban sha'awa ta ilimin halitta. Zan kulle kaina

don ambaton guda uku wakilai. Duk pendants ne kuma duka

mai ban mamaki: dorinar ruwa, malam buɗe ido, da katantanwa. Mutane da yawa za su sami

malam buɗe ido kyau a hakikanin rai, don haka da canji a nan ba kamar yadda

m amma ga dorinar ruwa da katantanwa. Na karshen yana da enameled

harsashi kuma dorinar dorinar tana da ƙananan beads na zinari don tanti. Har yanzu

wani abin al'ajabi mai ban sha'awa shine Vina Rust wanda ke samun wahayi daga

zane-zane na botanical da hotuna (photomicrographs)

pacinilubel.com/exhibits/2006.06_01.html) Ta kirkiro zobe wanda

yayi kama da giciye ta hanyar stamen. Ita ma tana da Tabon Cell

jerin gwanon azurfa tare da inlays na zinariya. Waɗannan sun isa yin a

masanin halittu ya zama mai son kayan ado.

Yager

Babu shakka, kayan ado na Jan Yager sun dace a ƙarƙashin taken

kayan ado na zamani. Bayan mun yi musayar imel, Jan ya aiko mini da fakitin

bayani game da fasaharta. A haka na koyi cewa tana da

gagarumin jikin aikin da ke nuna shuke-shuke. Amma kamar Nau'in Nasara

Tiara, ɓangarorinta suna mayar da hankali kan nau'ikan da ƙila ba za a yi la'akari da cancanta ba

na kwatanta a cikin zinariya da azurfa. Ta yi wani kyakykyawan tsintsiya madaurinki daya, tare da ganyen azurfa da ke fitowa daga wani dutsen tsakiya, yana juyawa

ya fito ya zama ɗan gilashin motar lafiya Jan ya ɗauko daga titin kusa

ta studio. A nan ne ta sami ra'ayoyi da yawa - kuma

kayan aiki - don aikinta. Shekaru da yawa da suka wuce, ta yi hankali

yanke shawarar kara sanin muhallinta. Daga tituna da

ta zagaya ɗakin studio dinta, ta tattara fala-falen fale-falen buraka, ɗumbin sigari,

sannan ta kashe kwandon harsashi wanda ta hada da sarka da zinare

da azurfa. Zane-zanen abun wuya sun dogara ne akan kayan ado na Indiyawan Amurka

a matsayin girmamawa ga Lenni Lenape Indiyawa waɗanda suka taɓa zama a yankin

Philadelphia inda Yager ke da ɗakinta (Rosolowski, 2001).

Yager kuma ya tattara tsire-tsire waɗanda suka girma a cikin tsagewar gefen titi kuma babu kowa

kuri'a; haka ta zo ta kirkiro dandali. Cir

Bugu da kari, tana da ganyen Dandelion na zinari da azurfa tare da tattakin taya

Alamomi - yana da ban mamaki - kamar yadda abin wuyan chicory yake da abin wuya na purslane. Tun asali, ta yi tunanin abin wuya da nasu

abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyi da kayan adon shuka kamar nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban

guda. Sai ta gane cewa duk sun haɗa da shuke-shuke, tun taba sigari

gindi yana dauke da busassun ganyen taba kuma busassun kwalabe ana ajiyewa

hodar iblis da ake samu daga ganyen koko. Don haka ta haɗa nau'ikan kayan ado iri biyu a ciki

wani nuni da ake kira City Flora/City Flotsam wanda aka nuna a duka biyun

Gidan kayan tarihi na Victoria da Albert a London da Gidan Tarihi na Fine Arts a ciki

Boston. A cikin duk waɗannan ayyukan Yager yana tambayar mu mu duba sosai, zuwa

kar a watsar da tarkace da ciyawa; su ma suna da kyawawan abubuwa da turawa

tambayar abin da muke ganin kyau. Nawa kyau ne na al'ada

bayyana? Wannan tambaya ce da za a iya yi kan yadda muke daraja tsirrai

tunda “ciyawar” ba nau’in halitta ba ce, kima ce

hukuncin da muke yi game da tsire-tsire.

Hankalin Yager ga daki-daki yana da ban mamaki, yana sanya ta

guda sosai na halitta - ko da yake an halicce su a cikin mafi yawan

abiotic na kafofin watsa labarai. Har ma ta sami na'ura mai kwakwalwa don kusanci

lura, kuma ta yi bincike a kan tsire-tsire da take amfani da su. Zuwa gareta

mamaki, ta gano cewa shuke-shuken da suke da yawa a cikinta

yanayi a yawancin lokuta ba nau'in asali bane. Da dukkan alamu,

Ba su nan lokacin da Indiyawan Lenni Lenape suka yi tafiya a wannan ƙasa

(Brown, 1999). Wannan fahimtar ne ya sa Yager ya haifar da

Nau'in Cin Zarafi Tiara ana nufin sawa da mafi yawan nau'ikan cin zarafi na

duk, mutum. Ta gama aiki akan The Tiara of Useful

Ilimi, wanda aka ƙawata shi da hatsin rai, dankalin turawa, da clover, da sauransu, Sake.

akwai isassun tarihi a cikin wannan aikin. Take ya fito daga

Yarjejeniya ta Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amirka, wadda aka kafa a Philadelphia

a cikin 1743 "don Inganta Ilimi Mai Amfani."

Ga daliban da suke cikin kayan ado na sirri, aikin Yager shine a

mamaki: Wanene zai yi tunanin cewa mai kayan ado zai yi sha'awar ilmin halitta?

Yayin da ƙila ba za su so sanya tiara ba (... sa'an nan kuma, shi ne

wani abu dabam), ra'ayin hanyar haɗi tsakanin ilmin halitta da kayan ado shine

wani abu da watakila ba su taba la'akari da shi ba. Wannan haɗin zai iya taimakawa

don su san sauran irin waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa don haka su ga ilimin halitta kaɗan ne

ware daga sauran abubuwan da suka samu.

Beetles da Tsuntsaye

Wani mawallafin kayan ado na ƙarni na 20 yana aika da ɗan sako iri ɗaya

kamar Yager. Jennifer Trask ya ƙirƙiri wani abin wuya na Beetle na Japan, tare da

real Jafananci beetles, waxanda suke da baki kwari a Amurka

(Fara, 2003). Tana wasa akan jigon jan hankali/kore, da ita

aikin kuma yana nuni ne ga faduwar karni na 19 ga halittu na gaske kamar yadda

kayan ado. Takwaransa na ƙarni na 19 zuwa aikin Trask ƙwaro ne

saitin tsummoki da 'yan kunne. A cikin "Beetle Abominations" da Tsuntsaye akan

Bonnets: Fantasy na Zoological a cikin Tufafin Ƙarni na Sha Tara, Michelle

Tolini (2002) ya rubuta game da wannan fad, wanda ya gudu zuwa rayuwa beetles tethered zuwa

sarƙoƙin zinari suna hawa kan kafaɗun mata. Artist na yanzu,

Jared Gold, yana ba da kyanksosai masu rai waɗanda aka ƙawata da lu'ulu'u

da makamantansu (Holden, 2006).

Daya daga cikin mafi m misalan Tolini ya kawo shi ne guda biyu

'yan kunne na hummingbird, waɗanda aka yi daga kawunan tsuntsaye. Wannan ba

kofin shayi na, amma yana kawo abin da ake iya gani a matsayin karkatacciyar hanya

biophilia: Jan hankali ga wasu nau'ikan na iya haifar da kashe kwayoyin halitta

don kawai a rufe su, kamar yadda ake yi da kofuna na kan barewa da tagulla-fatar tiger.

Yawancin nau'ikan sun zama cikin haɗari saboda wannan sha'awar, tare da

19th karni amfani da gashin tsuntsu har ma da dukan tsuntsaye a cikin huluna, kamar yadda

daya daga cikin mafi hatsari trends. Tunda dalibai da yawa suna sha'awar

kayan ado na jiki - mafi ban mamaki shine mafi kyau - wannan batu zai iya zama ƙari

hanya mai ban sha'awa cikin al'amurran da suka shafi ɓarkewa, nau'in baƙi, da

kiyaye muhalli fiye da tsarin al'ada

tattaunawa akan wata matsala ta muhalli.

Wannan batu kuma yana sa ɗalibai suyi tunani game da dangantakar su

ga yanayi, abin da kwayoyin da suke so su kasance a kusa da su: dabbobinsu, nasu

dabbobin da aka cushe, fastocinsu na bears ko sharks - ko bel

ƙulla tare da bucking bronco ko 'yan kunne tare da orchids dangling daga

su. Wannan batu ne mai wadatar gani a zamanin da abin gani yake

babba. Hakanan hanya ce ta gano alakar da ke tsakanin fasaha

da ilimi. A kokarin sa dalibai su ga cewa kimiyya ba

wani abu da aka sake shi daga sauran al'adun, amma sosai wani bangare na

shi, Yager's Tiara misali ne mai ban mamaki.

Ci gaban Dan Adam

Akwai wani abu kuma mai mahimmanci game da wannan kayan ado. Paul Shepard

(1996) ya haɗu tare da ilimin halitta da halayyar ɗan adam, amma tare da wani daban

girmamawa daga na Wilson, wanda ya fi ci gaba. Ya kara da cewa

tun da mutane sun samo asali ne a cikin duniyar da ke da wadata a wasu kwayoyin halitta kuma suna da dindindin

hulda da dabbobi da shuke-shuke, wannan ya siffata ilimin halittar dan adam;

don haka irin wannan hulɗar ya zama dole don ci gaban ɗan adam na yau da kullun, duka biyun

na zahiri da watakila ma mafi mahimmanci, tunani. A cikin yanayi da kuma

Hauka (1982), Shepard ya yi jayayya cewa hulɗa da yanayi wajibi ne

ga al'ada hankali maturation. Yana yin da'awar cewa

ba tare da kusancin dangantaka da abubuwa masu rai a lokacin haɓaka ba

shekaru, mutane sun kai ga girma na zahiri a cikin rashin sanin yakamata

jihar, kuma a sakamakon haka ba sa jin cikawa da kuma fuskanci fushi wato

tushen yawan tashin hankali.

Shepard ya kuma ce hotunan dabbobi suna da amfani a matsayin tunatarwa

duniya mai rai, ko da yake ba su ne madadin fallasa rayuwa ba.

Don haka hatta kayan ado na iya taka rawa wajen gina tunani. Cir

Bugu da kari, Shepard yayi ikirarin cewa tsire-tsire suna aiki kamar haka

wadatar da balaga hankalin dan Adam. Tsire-tsire suna ba da hulɗar taɓawa

kuma suna buƙatar kulawar su, haƙuri, da lura sosai, Babu shakka, da

haduwar shuka-dan-Adam ta bambanta da haduwar dabba da mutum, kuma

wannan ya sa ya zama mai mahimmanci tun lokacin da yake bunkasa ci gaba

na daban-daban shafi tunanin mutum martani. A cikin Koren yanayi/Dabi'ar ɗan adam: Ma'anar

na Tsire-tsire a Rayuwarmu, Charles Lewis (1996) ya rubuta game da hanyoyi da yawa

cewa tsire-tsire suna tasiri rayuwarmu, daga darajar warkewa a cikin

asibitoci ga darajar nishaɗinsu a wuraren shakatawa da bayan gida. So a

chrysanthemum brooch na iya zama misali mai kyau na wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa, wanda za mu iya

tafi da mu.

Zan iya yin babban da'awar don rhinestones da siliki

furanni, amma gaba daya batu na wannan makala shi ne ya zama tsokana, yi

kuna tunanin wani yanki na rayuwarmu ta wata hanya dabam,

don taimaka muku ganin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin abin da muke sawa da yadda muke tunani game da

duniyar halitta, kuma a ƙarshe, don jin daɗin yin shi, don ganin wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa azaman

m da ban sha'awa. Idan zan iya yin kimiyya duka biyu, to zan samu

cim ma aƙalla ɓangaren burina na samun ilimi ya zama ƙari

dacewa ga dalibai na.

Magana

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19-22.

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Malami, 63, 67-70.

Flannery, MC. (2005). Jellyfish akan rufi da barewa a cikin kogon:

Ilimin halitta na kayan ado na ciki. Leonardo, 38 (3), 239-244.

Ganin, J.C. (2003). Ƙananan, babban duniya na David Freda.

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Holden, C. (2006). Roach brooch. Kimiyya, 312, 979.

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Krupenia, D. (2002). John Paul Miller. Sana'ar Amurka, 62(6),

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a Rayuwarmu. Urbana, IL: Jami'ar Illinois Press.

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Mun, W. (1999, Agusta 13). Dragonflies suna sheki kamar kayan ado.

Jaridar New York Times, F38.

Mun, W. (2000, Nuwamba 10). Nasarar orchids. New York

lokaci, F40.

Shepard, P. (1982). Hali da hauka. San Francisco: Saliyo.

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mnemonic ado. Metalsmith, 21 (1), 16-25.

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Latsa.

MAURA C. FLANNERY, DEPARTMENT EDITOR

MAURA C. FLANNERY Farfesa ne na Biology kuma Darakta na

Cibiyar Koyarwa da Koyo a St. John's University, Jamaica,

NY 11439; e-mail: flannerm@stjohns.edu. Ta sami B.S. a ilmin halitta

daga Kwalejin Marymount Manhattan; M.S., kuma a fannin ilmin halitta, daga Boston

Kwalejin; da kuma Ph.D. a cikin ilimin kimiyya daga Jami'ar New York. Ita

manyan abubuwan da ake buqata su ne a sadar da kimiyya ga wanda ba masanin kimiyya ba da kuma a ciki

dangantakar dake tsakanin ilmin halitta da fasaha.